Expandable spinal implant device

ABSTRACT

An expandable spinal implant device for supporting vertebral bodies can include first and second body members and first and second expansion mechanisms. The body members can each have a first end positionable toward one of the vertebral bodies and can each define a hollow interior. The expansion mechanisms can be spaced apart from each other and can include a first drive shaft and a second drive shaft, respectively. The first and second drive shafts can each have a gear member fixedly coupled thereto. Each drive shaft can be threadably engaged at a first side to the first body member and at a second side to the second body member. The expansion mechanisms can be operable to effect axial displacement of the first body member relative to the second body member by rotationally driving the gear members of the first and second drive shafts.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/005,021, filed on Jan. 12, 2011. The disclosure of the abovereferenced application is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to an expandable spinal implantdevice for supporting vertebral bodies.

INTRODUCTION

Spinal implants can be used to support and/or replace one or morevertebrae, or a portion of the vertebrae from the human spine inresponse to various pathologic conditions in the spine. These conditionscan include, for example, infectious, degenerative, and oncologicconditions. Removal or excision of an anterior portion of the vertebra,or vertebral body, may be referred to as a corpectomy procedure. Variousknown vertebral body replacement devices can be positioned between theremaining vertebrae after the corpectomy procedure to provide supportfor the spine. These devices can be adjustable or can be available in avariety of fixed length sizes, where an appropriate size is selectedprior to implantation. Adjustable implants can be advantageous becausethey can allow for a smaller incision when positioning the implant, aswell as may assist in restoring proper loading to the spine.

While spinal implant devices have generally worked for their intendedpurpose, there remains a need for continuous improvement in the relevantart.

SUMMARY

This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not acomprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.

In accordance with one aspect, the present teachings provide anexpandable spinal implant device for supporting vertebral bodies. Thedevice can include a first body member and a second body member thateach have first and second ends and define a hollow interior, where thefirst ends of each body member can be positionable toward a respectiveone of the vertebral bodies. A first expansion mechanism can include afirst pair of drive shafts and a second expansion mechanism can bespaced apart from the first expansion mechanism and can include a secondpair of drive shafts. The respective drive shafts of each pair of driveshafts can have a gear member rotationally coupling the respective driveshafts to each other, where each pair of drive shafts can be threadablyengaged at a first side to the first body member and at a second side tothe second body member. The first and second expansion mechanisms can beoperable to effect axial displacement of the first body member relativeto the second body member by rotationally driving one of the gearmembers of each pair of drive shafts.

In accordance with another aspect, the present teachings provide anexpandable spinal implant device for supporting vertebral bodies. Thedevice can include a first body member and a second body member thateach have first and second ends and define a hollow interior, where thefirst ends of each body member can be positionable toward a respectiveone of the vertebral bodies. A first expansion mechanism can have afirst pair of drive shafts and a second expansion mechanism can bespaced apart from the first expansion mechanism and can have a secondpair of drive shafts. The respective drive shafts of each pair of driveshafts can have a central gear member rotationally coupling therespective shafts to each other, where each pair of drive shafts can bethreadably engaged at a first side to the first body member and at asecond side to the second body member. A central body member can becoupled to at least one shaft of the first and second expansionmechanisms and can be configured to slidably engage an exterior surfaceof the first and second body members. A first endplate and a secondendplate can each have a bone engagement portion and a device engagingportion configured to facilitate coupling each endplate to the first endof a respective body member in one of a plurality of circumferentialorientations relative to the respective body member. The first andsecond expansion mechanisms can be operable to effect axial displacementof the first body member relative to the second body member byrotationally driving one of the gear members of each pair of driveshafts.

In accordance with yet another aspect, the present teachings provide anexpandable spinal implant device for supporting vertebral bodies. Thedevice can include a first endplate, a second endplate and a body memberdefining a hollow interior and having first and second ends. The firstand second endplates can each have a bone engagement portion and adevice engaging portion. The device engaging portion of the firstendplate can have a coupling arrangement configured to facilitatecoupling the first endplate to the second end of the body member in oneof a plurality of circumferential orientations relative to the bodymember. A first and second pair of drive shafts can be spaced apart fromeach other, where the drive shafts of each pair of drive shafts can havea gear member at a first end and a threaded portion extending to asecond opposite end. The gear members can rotationally couple therespective drive shafts of each pair of drive shafts together, and thethreaded portions of each pair of drive shafts can threadably engage thebody member. The first end of each pair of drive shafts can berotationally coupled to the device engaging side of the second endplate.The first and second expansion mechanisms can be operable to effectaxial displacement of the body member relative to the second endplate bysimultaneously driving one of the gear members of each pair of driveshafts.

In accordance with still another aspect, the present teachings providean expandable spinal implant device for supporting vertebral bodies. Thedevice can include a first body member and a second body member eachhaving first and second ends, where the first ends of each body membercan be positionable toward a respective one of the vertebral bodies. Afirst drive shaft and a second drive shaft can each include a drive gearand can each be threadably engaged at a first side to the first bodymember and at a second side to the second body member. First and secondintermediate body members can be rotationally coupled to the respectivefirst and second body members about the second ends thereof. A firstendplate assembly and a second endplate assembly can each have a boneengagement member and a plurality of axially extending members pivotallycoupled to the bone engaging member at a first end and slidably coupledto one of the respective first and second body members at a second end.Each of the plurality of posts can be individually adjustable relativeto the respective first or second body members to position the boneengagement member in one of a plurality of positions relative to therespective first or second body members. The first and second expansionmechanisms can be operable to effect axial displacement of the firstbody member relative to the second body member by rotationally drivingthe gear member of each drive shaft.

Additional advantages and further areas of applicability will becomeapparent from the following description and appended claims. Thedescription and specific examples in this summary are intended forpurposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope ofthe present teachings.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present teachings in any way.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary expandable spinal implantdevice carrying modular endplates according to the principles of thepresent teachings;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the expandable spinal implant device ofFIG. 1 in an expanded state;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the expandable spinal implant device of FIG. 1in an expanded state;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the expandable spinal implant device ofFIG. 1 with an upper or superior endplate removed for purposes ofillustration;

FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the expandable spinal implantdevice of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the expandable spinal implant deviceof FIG. 1 along line 6-6;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the expandable spinal implant deviceof FIG. 1 along line 7-7;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an exemplary modular endplate accordingto the principles of the present teachings;

FIGS. 8A and 8B are exemplary views of modular endplates coupled to anexemplary expandable spinal implant device in different circumferentialorientations according to the principles of the present teachings;

FIGS. 9 and 10 are partial perspective views of an exemplary instrumentassociated with an expandable spinal implant device according to theprinciples of the present teachings;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an exemplary expandable spinal implantdevice carrying modular endplates according to the principles of thepresent teachings;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the expandable spinal implant device ofFIG. 11 with the modular endplates removed;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the expandable spinal implant device ofFIG. 11 in an expanded state and carrying an alternative exemplarymodular endplate according to the principles of the present teachings;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an exemplary expandable spinal implantdevice carrying a modular endplate according to the principles of thepresent teachings;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the expandable spinal implantdevice of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a coupling arrangement illustrated inFIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an exemplary expandable spinal implantdevice with an associated instrument according to the principles of thepresent teachings;

FIG. 18 is a partial top view of the expandable spinal implant deviceand instrument of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of an exemplary articulating endplateaccording to the principles of the present teachings;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the articulating endplate of FIG.19;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of an exemplary expandable spinal implantdevice carrying articulating endplates and shown associated with anexemplary instrument according to the principles of the presentteachings;

FIG. 22 is a side view of the expandable device of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a partial perspective view of the expandable spinal implantdevice of FIG. 21 with an endplate in a non-expanded state;

FIG. 24 is a partial perspective view of the expandable spinal implantdevice of FIG. 21 with an endplate in an expanded state;

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of the expandable spinal implantdevice of FIG. 21 according to the principles of the present teachings;and

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of an exemplary alternative modularendplate and associated attachment arrangement according to theprinciples of the present teachings.

DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS ASPECTS

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is notintended to limit the present teachings, application, or uses. It shouldbe understood that throughout the several views of the drawings,corresponding reference numerals indicate like or correspondingcomponents and features, with the various elements within each viewbeing drawn to scale. Although the following description is relatedgenerally to an expandable spinal implant device for use in a spinalcolumn to support vertebral bodies, it will be understood that thedevices and methods discussed herein can also be applicable to otherappropriate surgical procedures involving the spine or other long bonesof the anatomy. Therefore, it will be understood that the followingdiscussions are not intended to limit the scope of the present teachingsand claims herein.

Throughout the description, example embodiments are provided so thatthis disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope tothose who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are setforth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, toprovide a thorough understanding of the aspects of the presentdisclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art thatspecific details need not be employed, that the examples may be embodiedin many different forms and that neither should be construed to limitthe scope of the disclosure. In some examples, well-known processes,well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are notdiscussed in detail.

With reference to FIGS. 1-7, an expandable spinal implant device 10 isshown carrying modular endplates 12 according to one aspect of thepresent teachings. The device 10 can include a first or superior bodymember 14, a second or inferior body member 18, a central body member orbackstop 22 and a pair of expansion mechanisms 26, 30 rotatably coupledto the first and second body members 14, 18. The first body member 14can include a first end 34 and a second end 38 and the second bodymember 18 can similarly include a first end 42 and a second end 46. Thefirst and second body members 14, 18 can each include a generallycylindrical shape 50 and can each define a hollow interior 54 extendingtherethrough. In one exemplary configuration, the first and second bodymembers 14, 18 can have a solid construction without any apertures orthe like being formed therethrough.

The first and second body members 14, 18, as well as the central bodymember 22, can be coaxial about a longitudinal axis 60 of the device 10.It should be appreciated that while the first and second body members14, 18 are shown having a generally cylindrical shape with the samediameters, other shapes can be used including, for example, oval, squareand rectangular shapes in cross-section. The first and second bodymembers 14, 18 can be formed from a suitable biocompatible polymericmaterial such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) that is either solid orporous. In one exemplary configuration, the first and second bodymembers 14, 18 can have the same longitudinal length. Alternatively, thefirst and second body members 14, 18 can have different lengths.

The expansion mechanism 26 can include a pair of drive shafts 64, 68 andthe expansion mechanism 30 can similarly include a pair of drive shafts72, 76. The expansion mechanisms 26, 30, via the associated driveshafts, can be operable to expand and contract the body members 14, 18of device 10, as will be discussed below. Briefly, however, one driveshaft or each pair of drive shafts can be rotated or driven by aninstrument to effect axial expansion and contraction of the first andsecond body members 14, 18 relative to each other. For example, theinstrument can be used to expand the first and second body member 14, 18so that the spinal implant device 10 engages and supports the opposedvertebral bodies.

The drive shafts 64, 68 and 72, 76 can each include respective gearmembers 80, 84 generally centrally positioned between first and secondends 88, 92 of the drive shafts, as generally shown in FIG. 2 withreference to FIG. 6. The gear members 80, 84 can each include oppositegear configurations 96, 100 intermeshing with each other such thatrotation of gear member 80 can cause corresponding rotation of gearmember 84. Gear members 80, 84 can be fixedly attached to theirrespective shafts such that rotation of the gear members causescorresponding rotation of the associated drive shaft. Each pair of gearmembers 80, 84 can include opposite gear angles to facilitate theintermeshing operation of the gear members discussed above. In oneexemplary configuration, gear member 80 can include a gear configuration96 having a 45 degree helical gear angle and gear member 84 can includea gear configuration 100 having an opposite helical gear angle of −45degrees, as shown for example in FIGS. 1 and 2. It should beappreciated, however, that various other gear angles and patterns can beused for intermeshing operation of gear members 80, 84.

The drive shafts 64, 68 of expansion mechanism 26 can include respectiveupper threaded portions 104, 108 between gear members 80, 84 and thefirst ends 88, and lower threaded portions 112 and 116 between the gearmembers and the opposite second ends 92, as shown for example in FIGS.2-3 and 6. In a similar manner, drive shafts 72, 76 can include upperthreaded portions 120, 124 between gear members 80, 84 and the firstends 88, and lower threaded portions 128 and 132 between the gearmembers and the opposite second ends 92.

The first and second body members 14, 18 can each include attachmentportions disposed about a sidewall 136 that can threadably receive thedrive shafts 64, 68 and 72, 76. With particular reference to the FIGS.2, 6 and 7, the drive shafts 64, 68 are shown threadably coupled torespective attachment portions 140, 142 in body member 14 and attachmentportions 146, 150 in body member 18. In addition, the drive shafts 72,76 are shown threadably coupled to attachment portions 154, 158 in bodymember 14 and attachment portions 162, 166 in body member 18, as shownin FIGS. 2 and 7.

In this regard, each pair of drive shafts 64, 68 and 72, 76 can bepositioned relative to the sidewall 136 in attachment portions 140-166such that the drive shafts are not coaxial with the body members 14, 18.The drive shafts 64, 68 and 72, 76 can rotationally fix the body members14, 18 relative to each other. Each of the attachment portions 140-166can include internal threads 152 complementary to the external threadedportions of the respective associated drive shafts. Each of theabove-discussed attachment portions 140-166 can be positioned adjacentthe second ends 38, 46 of body members 14, 18, respectively, as shown inFIGS. 2, 6 and 7. The expansion mechanisms 26, 30 with theircorresponding pairs of drive shafts 64, 68 and 72, 76 coupled about thesidewalls of body members 14, 18 can provide additional stability to thedevice 10, especially in an expanded state.

As will be discussed in greater detail below, driving gear members 80 ofdrive shafts 64 and 72 can drive meshing gear members 84 and thuscorresponding drive shafts 68, 76 to expand and contract device 10. Itshould be appreciated that by driving gear members 80 in one direction,for example clockwise, to expand device 10, meshing gear members 84 willbe driven in an opposite counterclockwise rotation. As a result,threaded portions 104 and 108 of expansion mechanism 26 can be ofopposite hand (i.e., left and right hand thread patterns) and threadedportions 120 and 124 of expansion mechanism 30 can likewise be ofopposite hand. In addition, as gear member 80 of expansion mechanism 26turns in an opposite direction as gear member 80 of expansion mechanism30, threaded portions 104 and 120 can be of opposite hand together withthreaded portions 108 and 124 also being of opposite hand.

In a similar manner, lower threaded portions 112, 116 of expansionmechanism 26 can be of opposite hand relative to their respective upperportions 104, 108 so as to expand or drive the second body member 18 inan opposite direction as the first body member 14 is being expanded. Inaddition, lower threaded portions 128, 132 of expansion mechanism 30 canhave an opposite thread hand configuration relative to each other and totheir corresponding upper threaded portions 120, 124.

In one exemplary configuration, upper threaded portions 104, 108 ofshafts 64, 68 can have respective right and left hand threadconfigurations, and upper threaded portions 120, 124 of shafts 72, 76have respective left and right hand thread configurations. Based on thisupper thread hand configuration, lower threaded portions 112, 116 ofshafts 64, 68 can have respective left and right hand threadconfigurations, and lower threaded portions 128 and 132 of shafts 72, 76can have right and left hand thread configurations. From this exemplaryconfiguration, it can be seen that diagonally opposed shafts 64 and 76can be identical, and diagonally opposed shafts 68 and 72 can likewisebe identical, where shafts 64 and 76 have an overall opposite threadconfiguration as shafts 68 and 72, as shown for example in FIG. 2. Itshould be appreciated, however, that drive shafts 64, 68, 72 and 76 canhave different thread configurations to expand and contract body members14, 18 relative to each other.

The threaded portions of the drive shafts can each have the same axiallength, which can determine the extent of axial expansion of the bodymembers 14 and 18. In this regard, the length of the threaded portionscan be sized to set or limit an amount of expansive movement of bodymembers 14, 18. In one exemplary configuration, the threaded portionscan have a longitudinal length substantially equal to a longitudinallength 174 of body members 14, 18, as shown for example in FIG. 6.

With the drive shafts 64, 68 and 72, 76 threadably coupled to bodymembers 14, 18, the gear members 80, 84 can be positioned between theopposing first ends 34, 42 of the body members 14, 18, as shown inFIG. 1. In one exemplary configuration, the threaded portions of thedrive shafts can be configured to maintain a spaced relationship betweenthe first and second body members 14, 18 when body members 14, 18 are inthe fully contracted position, as also shown in FIG. 1. The amount ofaxial space between body members 14, 18 can be sized to accommodateattachment of the backstop 22 to drive shafts 64, 76, as will bediscussed below.

The backstop 22 can include a body 180 having an arcuate shapecomplementary to an outer perimeter shape of the first and second bodymembers 14, 18, as generally shown for example in FIGS. 1 and 5. In oneexemplary configuration where the body members 14, 18 include acylindrical shape, the backstop body 180 can include a complementaryarcuate shape configured to be received in a recess 184 in each of bodymembers 14, 18. In this configuration, the backstop 22 can extendcircumferentially around the recessed perimeter of each body member byan amount less than 180 degrees, such as within a range of 150 to 170degrees. It should be appreciated, however, that the backstop 22 can besized to extend further or to a lesser amount around the body members14, 18 than discussed above. The backstop 22 can include a longitudinallength that is sized so that when the device 10 is fully expanded,opposed ends 188 can be overlapping body members 14, 18, as shown inFIG. 3.

The backstop 22 can include a pair of attachment members 196 configuredto engage the drive shafts 68 and 76, as shown for example in FIG. 5. Inone exemplary configuration, the attachment members 196 can each includea pair of arms 200 having an arcuate shape that defines a correspondingpair of recesses 204. Each pair of arms 200 can be longitudinally spacedapart so as to receive one of the gear members 84 therebetween, as alsoshown in FIG. 5. The recesses 204 can be sized and shaped so as tocreate a snap-fit with non-threaded portions 208 of drive shafts 68 and76 adjacent each side of the gear members 84. Additionally, theattachment members 196 can be positioned so as to be spaced apart by aslightly greater distance than the drive shafts 68, 76, so as to createa retention force urging the attachment members 196 toward therespective drive shafts in the installed configuration. A longitudinalheight 212 of the attachment members 196 can additionally or in thealternative be used to determine the fully contracted or rest positionof the body members 14, 18 relative to each other, as shown for examplein FIGS. 1 and 6.

The backstop 22 can provide a barrier or backing in which to aid inpacking bone growth material in the device 10 in a spinal implantprocedure. Additionally, the backstop 22 can provide support for thebody members 14, 18 while expanding and in the expanded state,particularly for sizes of the device having relatively long body members14, 18 with correspondingly greater expansion lengths. The backstop 22can remain stationary as the body members expand and contract relativeto backstop 22.

With additional reference to FIGS. 8-8B, the modular endplates 12 willnow be discussed in greater detail in connection with an attachmentarrangement for coupling the endplates 12 to the expandable spinalimplant device 10. The second ends 34, 42 of body members 14, 18 caninclude an attachment arrangement 220 configured to couple one of avariety of the modular endplates 12 thereto, which will be discussedbelow in greater detail. The attachment arrangement 220 can include aplurality of attachment members 224 extending longitudinally from an endsurface 228 of the first and second body members 14, 18.

The modular endplates 12 can include a first or upper surface 232configured to engage a vertebral body, and a second or lower surface 236configured to engage one of the end surfaces 228 of the body members 14,18, as shown in FIGS. 8-8B. The modular endplates 12 can be formed of asuitable biocompatible metallic material, such as titanium or titaniumalloy, that is either solid or porous. The first surface 232 can includea plurality of peaks, ridges, teeth, or the like 238 configured toenhance engagement with the vertebral body. The second surface 236 caninclude a plurality of closed end apertures 240 corresponding to thenumber of attachment members 224. Each aperture 240 can include achamfer 244 to aid in receiving the attachment members 224 therein. Theapertures 240 can be sized relative to attachment members 224 to createan interference or press-fit relationship. In this regard, when themodular endplates 12 are positioned on the end surfaces 228, theattachment members 224 will be received in the apertures 240 in apress-fit manner to removably secure the endplates 12 to the respectivebody members 14, 18. It should be appreciated that the attachmentmembers 224 can alternatively extend from the second surface 236 ofmodular endplate 12 and the apertures 240 can alternatively be formedinto end surface 228 of body members 14 and/or 18.

The first surface 232 of the modular endplates 12 can be orientatedparallel to the second surface 236, or can be provided in a variety ofangles relative to the second surface 236, as shown for example in FIGS.2, 3 and 8A-8B. By providing the modular endplates 12 with a variety ofangled first surface configurations, the expandable spinal implantdevice 10 can accommodate various vertebral body and spinalorientations, as may be presented during spinal implant procedures ofdifferent patients. In addition, the attachment configuration for themodular endplates 12 can provide an ability to circumferentially orientthe modular endplates 12 relative to the body members 14, 18 in avariety of positions, as shown for example in FIGS. 8A and 8B.

As can be appreciated, the number of attachment members 224 can dictatethe number of different circumferential positions that the modularendplates 12 can be coupled to the body members 14, 18. For example, ifa surgeon determines that an angled modular endplate 12 is desirable ina spinal implant procedure, the surgeon can further determine an optimalcircumferential orientation of the angled surface and couple the angledmodular endplate 12 to the respective body member 14 in the desiredorientation. Further, the removable nature of the press-fit couplingarrangement allows the modular endplates 12 to be removed foradjustment, if necessary. In addition, the first and second body members14, 18 can carry the same or different modular endplates 12, as shownfor example in FIGS. 1 and 2. An alternative modular endplate 640 andassociated attachment arrangement 644 is shown in FIG. 26 and will bediscussed in greater detail below.

With additional reference to FIGS. 9-10, an instrument 260 for use inexpanding and contracting the expandable spinal implant device 10 willnow be discussed. The instrument 260 can include a housing 264 having aninternal passage 268 and a first end 272 configured to be removablycoupled to the device 10. A pair of attachment arms 276 can extendlongitudinally from the first end 272 and can each include a recess 280formed on an inner side thereof for engaging one of the non-threadedportions 208 of drive shafts 64, 72, as shown for example in FIG. 10. Inone exemplary configuration, the attachment arms 276 can be spaced aparta greater distance than the drive shafts 64, 72 so as to provide abiasing force to urge the recesses 280 against the respective driveshafts when coupled thereto.

The instrument 260 can further include drive member 284 rotatably andaxially moveable within passage 268 of housing 264. The drive member caninclude a drive gear 288 having a gear tooth pattern configured forselective intermeshing engagement with the gear members 80 of driveshafts 64, 72. With the housing coupled to drive shafts 64, 72 asdiscussed above, the drive member 284 can be axially advanced relativeto the housing 264 to place drive gear 288 into simultaneous drivingengagement with each gear member 80.

With continued reference to FIGS. 1-10, operation and use of theexpandable spinal implant device 10 will now be discussed in furtherdetail. Initially, a surgeon can select an expandable spinal implantdevice 10 having a suitable length 174, as well as select one of themodular endplate configurations 12 for the body members 14, 18 based onthe needs of a specific patient. If angled modular endplates 12 areselected, the endplates can be circumferentially orientated or “dialedin” to an optimal orientation for engagement with the superior orinferior vertebral bodies. In an exemplary corpectomy procedure, theexpandable spinal implant device 10 can initially be positioned in thespace between the superior and inferior vertebral bodies where one ormore vertebrae or discs have been removed.

The instrument 260 can be removably coupled to the drive shafts 64, 72and the drive member 284 can be advanced to place drive gear 288 inmeshing engagement with gears 80. Drive member 284 can then be rotatedto simultaneously drive gear members 80 of drive shafts 64, 72, which inturn will drive gear members 84 of drive shafts 68 and 76. It should beappreciated that the instrument 260 can simultaneously drive the fourdrive shafts 64, 68, 72 and 76 by simultaneously driving gear members 80as discussed above. In driving gear members 80 in one direction, sayclockwise, each of the drive shafts can rotate as discussed above toexpand the body members 14, 18 along the longitudinal axis 60 so thatthe body members move away from each other to increase an overall lengthof the spinal implant device 10. This can be seen, for example, by acomparison of the spinal implant device in FIG. 2 in the expanded stateversus the device 10 in FIG. 1 in the unexpanded or contracted state. Asthe body members are expanded or contracted with the instrument 260, thebody members can axially translate in sliding engagement relative tobackstop 22.

The instrument 260 can be used to expand body members 14, 18 until themodular endplate 12 engage the respective superior and inferiorvertebral bodies. Instrument 260 can then be removed from drive shafts64, 72. The expanded device 10 can maintain the expanded position byvirtue of the multiple drive shafts with different thread orientationsengaging each body member 14, 18. In this regard, it should beappreciated that the drive shafts 64, 68 and 72, 76 do not passivelyback drive such that they maintain the expanded position discussedabove. To contract device 10, the drive member 284 can be rotated in anopposite direction as used to expand the device, say counterclockwise,to actively back drive the drive shafts and draw the body members 14, 18toward each other.

During expansion and contraction of the device 10, the drive shafts canrotate relative to the body members 14, 18 and thereby transform therotational movement into axial translation of body members 14, 18 viathe threaded connection between the internal threads 152 of theattachment portions 140-166 and the threaded portions of the driveshafts. It should be appreciated that the gear members 80 canalternatively be driven in a counterclockwise direction to expand device10 and in a clockwise direction to contract the device.

Turning now to FIGS. 11-13, an expandable spinal implant device 10′ willnow be discussed according to an aspect of the present teachings. Device10′ is similar to device 10 such that only differences between theexpandable spinal implant devices 10 and 10′ will now be discussed. Likereference characters have been used to identify elements similar tothose previously introduced.

Expandable device 10′ can include an integral backstop member 22′ asopposed to the separate backstop 22 coupled to the drive shafts 68, 76.Backstop 22′ can be integrally formed with one of the body members 14,18 and longitudinally extend from the second end 38 or 46. In oneexemplary configuration, backstop 22′ can extend from the second end 38of first body member 14, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The second bodymember 18 can include a corresponding recessed area or cutout 184′ toaccommodate backstop 22′, as also shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. In oneexemplary configuration, the integrally formed backstop 22′ can be usedwith expandable spinal implant devices 10′ that include a longitudinallength 174 less than those of the devices 10 with a separatelyincorporated backstop 22.

The expandable spinal implant device 10′ can also include body members14, 18 of varying diameters, some of which can be smaller than providedwith the expandable spinal implant devices 10. In such smaller diameterdevices 10′, the drive shafts 68 and 76 can be positioned radiallyinward of the drive shafts 64, 72, as shown for example in FIG. 13. Asthe drive shafts are positioned about the sidewall, this configurationcan accommodate smaller diameter body members, as opposed to the largerdiameter body members where the drive shafts 68, 76 are radiallyoutboard of the drive shafts 64, 72, as shown for example in FIGS. 2 and11. In each of the expandable spinal implant devices 10, 10′, the driveshafts 64, 72 can be spaced apart by the same distance such that onlyone instrument 260 can be required to operate the devices 10, 10′.Operation of the expandable spinal implant device 10′ can besubstantially similar or the same as device 10 and thus reference ismade to the above discussion of the operation of device 10.

While the expandable spinal implant devices 10 and 10′ have beendiscussed above as carrying removably coupled modular endplates 12, itshould be appreciated that one or both of the body members 14, 18 canalternatively include integrally formed endplates having teeth or thelike 238 on a bone engaging surface thereof.

Turning now to FIGS. 14-16, an expandable spinal implant device 300 isshown according to an aspect of the present teachings. As with device10′, device 300 can include several features of device 10 such that onlydifferences between the expandable spinal implant devices 10 and 300will now be discussed. Like reference characters have been used toidentify elements similar to those previously introduced. In general,device 300 can be essentially the same as an upper portion of device 10from the gear members 80, 84 to the first end of body member 14, asgenerally shown in FIG. 14.

Device 300 can include drive shafts 64′ 68′, 72′ and 76′ having gearmembers 80′, 84′ and corresponding threaded portions 104, 108, 120 and124 coupled to body member 14′, as discussed above with reference todevice 10. In place of the second body member 18, gear members 80′, 84′can be directly coupled to an attachment feature of a modified endplate12′. In this manner, gear members 80′, 84′ can include an aperture 304on a side 308 opposite the side facing the respective threaded portions,as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. Aperture 304 can include a larger diameterarea 312 spaced inward from side 308 and forming a shoulder 320.

Modular endplate 12′ can include an attachment feature 328 extendingaxially therefrom and configured to be received in the correspondingapertures 304. Attachment feature 328 can include a projecting member332 having a barb 336 on an end thereof. The barb can include a width ordiameter sufficient to engage the shoulder 320 to rotatably couple themodular endplate 12′ to the gear members 80′, 84′. The gear members 80,84′ can rotate relative to the modular endplate 12′ when driven by drivegear 288 of instrument 260. Modular endplate 12′ can further include arecessed area 340 and body member 14′ can likewise include a recessedarea 344 to accommodate instrument 260.

In operation, drive gear 288 can drive gear members 80′, which in turncan drive gear members 84 to expand or contract body member 14′ relativeto modular endplate 12′ in a manner similar to that discussed above. Itshould be appreciated that while expandable spinal implant device 300has been discussed with first body member 14′ expanding and contracting,device 300 could alternatively be configured to have second body member18′ be drivable relative to modular endplate 12′.

Turning now to FIGS. 17 and 18, an expandable spinal implant device 360is shown according to an aspect of the present teachings, where likereference characters have been used to identify elements similar tothose previously introduced. Device 360 can include a first body member364, a second body member 368 and a central body member 372 positionedtherebetween. First and second body members 364, 368 can each include afirst end 376 and a second opposite end 380 facing the central bodymember 372.

A pair of drive shafts 64, 72 can be threadably coupled to internallythreaded attachment portions 384 positioned about a sidewall 388 of bodymembers 364, 368 in a manner similar to that discussed above withrespect to device 10. The central body member 372 can be coupled to thedrive shafts 64, 72 via first and second attachment arms 392 and 396. Inan alternative configuration, central body member can be coupled todrive shafts 64, 72 using only the second attachment arms 396 so as toprovide an area for coupling instrument 260, as will be discussed below.In one exemplary configuration, body members 364 and 368 can include asubstantially cylindrical shape 398 with a flattened portion 402 along afront surface thereof, as shown for example in FIG. 17.

An instrument 404 having a drive gear 408 at an end thereof can be usedto drive gear members 80 to expand and contract body members 364, 368 ina manner similar to that discussed with reference to device 10.Alternatively, instrument 260 can be used to drive gear members 80,where cut-outs can be provided in the central body member so that arms200 can engage non-threaded portions 208 of drive shafts 64, 72.

Turning now to FIGS. 19 and 20, an alternative articulatable endplateassembly 420 is shown according to an aspect of the present teachings.Endplate assembly 420 can be used with each of the above-discussedexpandable spinal implant devices, where the attachment arrangement 220and first ends of applicable body members would be modified as discussedbelow. For discussion purposes, FIGS. 19 and 20 will be discussed withreference to first body member 14, while noting that the discussion isequally applicable to each of the above-discussed body members.

To accommodate endplate assembly 420, the first end 34 of body member 14can alternatively include a convex and/or spherical portion 424extending from sidewall 428 and defining a central opening 432, as shownfor example in FIG. 20. A substantially annular collar 436 can extendradially outward from sidewall 428 proximate a transition betweensidewall 428 and convex portion 424. Collar 436 and convex portion 424can each include recessed areas 440 for receiving threaded posts 444 ofa lock ring 448, as will be discussed below in greater detail.

The lock ring 448 can include an annular member 452 having a diametersmaller than a diameter of the convex portion 424 adjacent collar 436.The threaded posts 444 can include external threads 450 and can extendaxially in a direction toward collar 436 so as to be positioned inrecessed areas 440, as shown in FIG. 19. A threaded ring 460 can bepositioned on an opposite side of the collar 436 as convex portion 424.The threaded ring 460 can include a threaded inner surface 464 facingsidewall 428 and a lower surface having a gear tooth arrangement 468thereon. The threaded surface 464 can threadably engage the externalthreads of posts 444, as shown in FIG. 20.

An articulatable endplate 476 can be positioned between the lock ring448 and the convex portion 424, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20. Endplate476 can include a plurality of bone engaging members 480 extending froma central region 484 and a plurality of device engaging members 488extending from the central region 484 and positioned between a pair ofthe bone engaging members 480. The device engaging members 488 canextend at an acute angle relative to the bone engaging members 480 andcan have a shape substantially conforming with a shape of convex portion424, as shown for example in FIG. 20. The device engaging members 488can extend between the convex portion 424 and the lock ring 448.

In operation, endplate 476 can articulate relative to convex portion 424until locked into a selected position via lock ring 448 and threadedring 460. Once a desired position for endplate 476 is determined,threaded ring 460 can be rotated to draw posts 444 downward and thusannular member 452 against device engaging members 488. Device engagingmembers 488 can thus be compressed between annular member 452 and convexportion 424 thereby creating a friction lock and locking articulatableendplate 476 in the desired position. To adjust the position of endplate476, threaded ring 460 can be rotated in an opposite direction as thatfor tightening the lock ring 448, thereby raising the annular member 452relative to convex portion 424 and thus releasing device engagingmembers 488. An instrument (not shown) can be used to rotate threadedring 460 relative to posts 444 and annular collar 436 by engaging thegear tooth arrangement 468.

Turning now to FIGS. 21-25, an expandable spinal implant device 500having articulating endplate assemblies 504 is shown according to anaspect of the present teachings, where like reference characters havealso been used to identify elements similar to those previouslyintroduced. Device 500 can include a first or superior body member 508,a second or inferior body member 512 and drive shafts 64 and 72. Firstand second body members 508, 512 can include internally threadedattachment portions 516 for threadably receiving respective upperthreaded portions 104, 120 and lower threaded portions 112, 128 of driveshafts 64, 72, as generally shown in FIGS. 21 and 25 with reference todrive shaft 72.

First and second body members 508, 512 can each include a first end 518and an opposite second end 520. An annular recessed area 524 can beprovided in each body member 508, 512 proximate the second ends 520, asgenerally shown in FIG. 25. Device 500 can further include first andsecond intermediate body members 528, 532 each having an annular portion536 defining a first end 540, a second end 542, and a projecting portion544 extending axially from a portion of the second end 542. A sidewall552 of each intermediate member 528, 532 can include circumferentiallyspaced apart raised engagement portions 556 extending radially inwardlyfrom the sidewall 552, as generally shown in FIG. 25 with reference toFIG. 24. Raised engagement portions 556 can include serrated teeth 560on an inner surface thereof. The intermediate body members 528, 532 canbe rotatably coupled to the respective first and second body members508, 512 such that the raised engagement portions 556 are received inthe respective annular recessed areas 524, as shown in FIG. 25.

The endplate assemblies 504 can each include an annular ring 570 and aplurality of posts 574 pivotally coupled thereto. The annular ring 570can include a first bone engaging surface 578 and a second device facingsurface 582. The plurality of posts 574 can include a first end 586having a spherical attachment area 590 and a second end 594 having aradially outward facing engagement area 598 with a plurality of serratedteeth 606 disposed thereon. The second surface 582 of annular ring 570can include a plurality of recessed attachment portions 610 having aspherical shape complementary to the spherically shaped attachment areaof posts 574. The first end 568 of posts 574 can be pivotally coupled tothe annular ring 570 via the recessed attachment portions 610, as shownin FIG. 25. In one exemplary configuration, the posts 574 can be coupledto the annular ring 570 via a snap-fit pivotal coupling arrangement.

Endplate assemblies 504 can be slidably coupled to the respective firstand second body members 528, 532 via posts 574. In particular, thesecond end 594 of each post 574 can be slidably received in anattachment bore 614 formed about a sidewall 618 of body members 508,512, as shown for example in FIG. 25. The recessed area 524 can extendinto the attachment bore 614 such that when the posts 574 are positionedin the bore 614, the engagement area 598 is exposed to the recessed area524 and annular portion 536 of the respective intermediate members 528,532. Each post 574 can include a spring 620 extending between theannular ring 570 and a top surface 622 of bores 614. In one exemplaryconfiguration, spring 620 can bias annular rings 570 away from therespective body members 508, 512.

With particular reference to FIGS. 24 and 25, the intermediate members528, 532 can include a gear tooth pattern 626 disposed about the firstends 540 thereof and configured to mesh with a pinion gear 630 of aninstrument 634. Instrument 634 can be used to separately rotate each ofthe intermediate members 512, 532 relative to their respective bodymembers 508, 512 to engage or disengage the teeth 560 of the raisedengagement portions with the teeth 606 of posts 574. In this manner,each post 574 can be individually positioned relative to body members508 and/or 512 to obtain a desired orientation of endplate annular ring570 and the intermediate member 528, 532 can then be rotated to lockeach post 574 in the desired position.

When the expandable spinal implant device 500 is in a contracted state,as shown in FIGS. 21-25, the projecting portion 544 of intermediatemember 528 can engage the second end 542 of intermediate member 532.Similarly, the projecting portion 544 of intermediate member 532 canengage the second end 542 of body intermediate member 528, as shown forexample in FIGS. 21 and 22. In one exemplary configuration, the firstand second body members 508, 512 and first and second intermediatemembers 528, 532 can be coaxially disposed and can include the sameouter diameters.

In operation, expandable spinal implant device 500 can be expanded andcontracted via drive shafts 64, 72 in the same or substantially the samemanner as discussed with respect to expandable spinal implant device360. Independent of the expanding or contracting of device 500, eacharticulatable endplate assembly 504 can be individually adjustedrelative to a respective body member 508, 512 to obtain a desiredorientation of the bone engaging surface 578. For example, in anexpanded state of device 500, intermediate member 528 can be rotated todisengage teeth 560 from teeth 606 of posts 574. The annular ring 570can then be adjusted to one of a plurality of different orientationswhere the posts 574 can be axially adjusted relative to body member 508and the annular ring 570 can pivot about the spherical attachment areas598.

Once a desired orientation of the annular ring 570 is achieved, theintermediate member 528 can be rotated to engage the teeth 560 with theteeth 606 and thereby lock each post in position and thus the annularring in the desired position. It should be appreciated that the endplateassembly 504 associated with body member 512 can operate in the samemanner. Further, it should be appreciated that while endplate assemblies504 have been discussed in connection with expandable spinal implantdevice 500, the endplate assemblies 504 can also be incorporated intoone or more of the other expandable spinal implant devices discussedabove.

Turning now to FIG. 26, the alternative modular endplate 640 andassociated attachment arrangement 644 will now be discussed, where likereference numerals refer to like features previously introduced inconnection with the discussion of modular endplate 12. Modular endplate640 is similar to modular endplate 12, such that only differencesbetween the endplates will now be discussed. In this regard, it shouldbe appreciated that modular endplate 640 includes the first surface 232that can be parallel to the second surface 236 or angled relativethereto, as discussed above with modular endplate 12. Modular endplate640 can also be removably positioned in a variety of circumferentialorientations relative to body members 14 and/or 18 in a similar manneras modular endplate 12.

Modular endplate 640 can include a plurality of axially extendingprojections 648 protruding radially inwardly from an inner sidewall 652of endplate 640, as shown in FIG. 26. Attachment arrangement 644 caninclude a circumferentially recessed portion 656 at the first end 34and/or 42 of body members 14 and/or 18. Recessed portion 656 can includea plurality of depressions 664 corresponding to the number ofprojections 648 of modular endplate 640. Depressions 664 can be sizedand shaped to receive the projections 648 in a press-fit relationship toremovably secure modular endplate 640 to body members 14 and/or 18 in avariety of circumferential orientations.

While specific examples have been discussed in the specification andillustrated in the drawings, it will be understood by those skilled inthe art that various changes may be made and equivalence may besubstituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of thepresent teachings as defined in the claims. Furthermore, the mixing andmatching of features, elements and/or functions between various examplesmay be expressly contemplated herein so that one skilled in the artwould appreciate from the present teachings that features, elementsand/or functions of one example may be incorporated into another exampleas appropriate, unless discussed otherwise above. Moreover, manymodifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material tothe present teachings without departing from the essential scopethereof. Therefore, it may be intended that the present teachings not belimited to the particular examples illustrated by the drawings anddiscussed in the specification as the best mode of presentlycontemplated for carrying out the present teachings but that the scopeof the present disclosure will include any embodiments following withinthe foregoing description and any appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An expandable spinal implant device forsupporting vertebral bodies comprising: a first body member and a secondbody member each having first and second ends and defining a hollowinterior, the first ends positionable toward a respective one of thevertebral bodies; a first pair of drive shafts and a second pair ofdrive shafts spaced apart from the first pair of drive shafts, therespective drive shafts of each pair of drive shafts having a gearmember rotationally coupling the respective drive shafts to each other,each pair of drive shafts threadably engaged at a first side to thefirst body member and at a second side to the second body member; and apair of articulating endplates moveably coupled to the respective firstends, the articulating endplates configured to be selectively secured tothe respective body members in one of a plurality of possibleorientations relative thereto; wherein the first and second pairs ofdrive shafts are operable to effect axial displacement of the first bodymember relative to the second body member by rotationally driving one ofthe gear members of each pair of drive shafts.
 2. The expandable spinalimplant of claim 1, further comprising a convex portion formed about thefirst end of each body member, the articulating endplates configured topivot about the respective convex portions.
 3. The expandable spinalimplant of claim 2, wherein each articulating endplate includes a boneengagement portion, a device engaging portion and a lock ring, thedevice engaging portion configured to pivot about one of the convexportions, the lock ring configured to selectively compress the deviceengaging portion against a surface of the convex portion in a desiredposition to secure the respective endplate to the respective body memberin the desired position.
 4. The expandable spinal implant of claim 3,further comprising an annular collar radially extending from a sidewallof each body member proximate the convex portion and a ring memberrotationally coupled to the respective first and second body membersadjacent the annular collar, each ring member being threadably coupledto a respective lock ring.
 5. The expandable spinal implant of claim 4,wherein rotating the ring members draws the respective lock ring againstthe respective device engaging portion thereby compressing the deviceengaging portion against the respective convex surface to lock therespective articulating endplate in the desired position.
 6. Theexpandable spinal implant of claim 4, wherein each lock ring includes anannular member having an internal diameter smaller than a diameter ofthe convex portion, and a plurality of threaded posts extending axiallytherefrom, the threaded posts threadably engaging the ring member. 7.The expandable spinal implant device of claim 1, wherein the first andsecond body members are rotationally fixed by the first and second pairsof drive shafts, and wherein the respective drive shafts of each pair ofdrive shafts are directly coupled to each other by the respective gearmember.
 8. The expandable spinal implant device of claim 1, wherein thesecond ends of the first and second body members are spaced apart fromand opposing each other in an unexpanded and an expanded position of thebody members and during movement therebetween, and wherein each of thegear members are positioned between and axially spaced apart from thesecond ends of the body members in both the unexpanded and the expandedpositions.
 9. The expandable spinal implant device of claim 1, whereinthe first and second pairs of drive shafts and associated gear membersare cooperatively configured such that driving the one of the gearmembers of each pair of drive shafts simultaneously drives each pair ofdrive shafts to effect axial displacement of the first and second bodymembers, and wherein the gear members of the respective drive shafts ofeach pair of drive shafts are directly rotationally coupled to eachother.
 10. The expandable spinal implant device of claim 1, wherein thefirst side of each drive shaft of each pair of drive shafts has anopposite thread angle as the second side of each drive shaft of eachpair of drive shafts.
 11. The expandable spinal implant device of claim10, wherein the first pair of drive shafts includes first and seconddrive shafts, the first and second drive shafts having opposite threadangles at each of the first and second sides, and wherein the secondpair of drive shafts includes third and fourth drive shafts, the thirdand fourth drive shafts having opposite thread angles at each of thefirst and second sides.
 12. The expandable spinal implant device ofclaim 1, further comprising a central body portion extending from thesecond end of one of the first and second body members, the central bodyportion being received in a recess formed in the other one of the firstand second body members.
 13. An expandable spinal implant device forsupporting vertebral bodies comprising: a first body member and a secondbody member each having first and second ends and defining a hollowinterior, the first ends of each body member positionable toward arespective one of the vertebral bodies; a first pair of drive shafts anda second pair of drive shafts spaced apart from the first pair of driveshafts, the respective drive shafts of each pair of drive shafts havinga central gear member rotationally coupling the respective shafts toeach other, each pair of drive shafts threadably engaged at a first sideto the first body member and at a second side to the second body member;a central body member coupled to at least one shaft of the first andsecond pairs of drive shafts and configured to slidably engage anexterior surface of the first and second body members; and first andsecond articulating endplates moveably coupled to a respective firstend, the articulating endplates configured to be selectively secured tothe respective body members in one of a plurality of possibleorientations relative thereto; wherein the first and second pairs ofdrive shafts are operable to effect axial displacement of the first bodymember relative to the second body member by rotationally driving one ofthe gear members of each pair of drive shafts.
 14. The expandable spinalimplant device of claim 13, further comprising a convex portion formedabout the first end of each body member, each articulating endplateconfigured to pivot about one of the convex portions.
 15. The expandablespinal implant device of claim 14, wherein each articulating endplateincludes a bone engagement portion, a device engaging portion and a lockring, the device engaging portion configured to pivot about one of theconvex portions, the lock ring configured to selectively compress thedevice engaging portion against a surface of the convex portion in adesired position to secure the respective endplate to the respectivebody member in the desired position.
 16. The expandable spinal implantof claim 15, further comprising an annular collar radially extendingfrom a sidewall of each body member proximate the convex portion and aring member rotationally coupled to the respective first and second bodymembers adjacent the annular collar, each ring member being threadablycoupled to a respective lock ring, wherein rotating the ring membersdraws the respective lock ring against the respective device engagingportion thereby compressing the device engaging portion against therespective convex surface to lock the respective articulating endplatein the desired position.
 17. The expandable spinal implant device ofclaim 13, wherein each body member includes an axially andcircumferentially extending recess formed in a portion of the exteriorsurface thereof, the central body member being slidably received in therecess of each body member.
 18. The expandable spinal implant device ofclaim 17 wherein, the first and second body members are axiallydisplaceable relative to each other and the central body member, whereinthe central body member is axially fixed relative to the first andsecond pairs of drive shafts, the first and second body members and thecentral body member being rotationally fixed by the first and secondpairs of drive shafts, and wherein the central body member and therecesses extend around only a portion of the exterior surfaces of thefirst and second body members.
 19. The expandable spinal implant deviceof claim 13, wherein the first and second body members each comprise acylindrical shape defining the hollow interior extending from the firstend to the second end thereof, wherein the first and second body membersand the central body member are coaxially disposed about a centrallongitudinal axis, and wherein the first and second pair of drive shaftsare positioned about sidewalls of the first and second body membersradially outboard of the central longitudinal axis.
 20. The expandablespinal implant device of claim 13, wherein the first and second pairs ofdrive shafts and associated gear members are cooperatively configuredsuch that driving the one of the gear members of each pair of driveshafts simultaneously drives each pair of drive shafts to effect axialdisplacement of the first and second body members.
 21. The expandablespinal implant device of claim 13, wherein the second ends of the firstand second body members are spaced apart from and axially opposing eachother, each of the central gear members being positioned between andaxially spaced apart from the second ends of the body members when theimplant device is in an unexpanded position and an expanded position andpositions therebetween; and wherein the central body member includes apair of attachment arms, the attachment arms coupled to one of the driveshafts of each pair of drive shafts adjacent the corresponding centralgear members.
 22. An expandable spinal implant device for supportingvertebral bodies comprising: a first body member and a second bodymember each having first and second ends and defining a hollow interior,the first ends of each body member positionable toward a respective oneof the vertebral bodies and including a convex portion extendingtherefrom; a first pair of drive shafts and a second pair of driveshafts spaced apart from the first pair of drive shafts, the respectivedrive shafts of each pair of drive shafts having a central gear memberrotationally coupling the respective shafts to each other, each pair ofdrive shafts threadably engaged at a first side to the first body memberand at a second side to the second body member; a central body membercoupled to at least one shaft of the first and second pairs of driveshafts and configured to slidably engage an exterior surface of thefirst and second body members; and first and second articulatingendplates moveably coupled to a respective convex portion, eacharticulating endplate including a bone engagement portion, a deviceengaging portion and a lock ring, the device engaging portion configuredto pivot about one of the convex portions, the lock ring configured toselectively compress the device engaging portion against a surface ofthe convex portion in a desired position to secure the respectiveendplate to the respective body member in the desired position; whereinthe first and second pairs of drive shafts are operable to effect axialdisplacement of the first body member relative to the second body memberby rotationally driving one of the gear members of each pair of driveshafts.
 23. The expandable spinal implant of claim 22, furthercomprising an annular collar radially extending from a sidewall of eachbody member proximate the convex portion and a ring member rotationallycoupled to the respective first and second body members adjacent theannular collar, each ring member being threadably coupled to arespective lock ring, wherein rotating the ring members draws therespective lock ring against the respective device engaging portionthereby compressing the device engaging portion against the respectiveconvex surface to lock the respective articulating endplate in thedesired position.